1, in the raw material, broke through the traditional ceramic clay as main raw material boundaries, special ceramics with oxide, nitride, carbide, boride, silicide as main raw material.2, in composition, traditional ceramic composition made from clay composition is determined, so different origin and kiln ceramic has different texture. As a result of special ceramic materials is pure compounds, so the component by artificial ratio determines the nature of the merits, by the purity of raw materials and process, rather than by the production decision.3, the preparation process, break through the traditional ceramic kiln as a main means of production line, widely used vacuum sintering, protective atmosphere sintering, hot pressing, hot pressing and other means.4, in the performance, special ceramics with different special nature and function, such as high strength, high hardness, corrosion resistance, conductivity, insulation as well as in magnetic, electric, acoustic, optical, biological engineering has a special function, which in high temperature, mechanical, electronic, aerospace, medical engineering aspects be widely used.